NCEE Labs Report

KVepuri

R20220223-21-E1B

Inovonics Wireless Corporation TBA TBA Module HCQTBA HCQTBA tba

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Amended
Test Report

Prepared for: Address:
Product: Test Report No: Approved by:

Inovonics
11000 Westmoor Circle Building 10, Suite 250 Westminster, CO 80021
TBA Module
R20220223-21-E1B
______________________
Mahendra Karthik Vepuri, NCE EMC Test Engineer, iNARTE Certified EMC Engineer #EMC-041453-E

DATE: Total Pages:

24 August 2022 48

The Nebraska Center for Excellence in Electronics (NCEE) authorizes the above named company to reproduce this report provided it is reproduced in its entirety for use by the company's employees only. Any use that a third party makes of this report, or any reliance on or decisions made based on it, are the responsibility of such third parties. NCEE accepts no responsibility for damages, if any, suffered by any third party as a result of decisions made or actions based on this report. This report applies only to the items tested.

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics
REVISION PAGE

Rev. No.
Original
A
B

Date
30 June 2022
10 August 2022
24 August 2022

Rev

B

Description
Original ­ KVepuri Prepared by BWinter/Flane Changed EIRP to Maximum Conducted Power in Section 4 and 4.3 -BW Added Conducted Emissions ResultsBW/KV

The Nebraska Center for Excellence in Electronics 4740 Discovery Drive Lincoln, NE 68521

Page 2 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Rev

B

CONTENTS
Revision Page ..............................................................................................................................................................2 1.0 Summary of test results.......................................................................................................................................4 2.0 EUT Description ....................................................................................................................................................5
2.1 Equipment under test ........................................................................................................................................5 2.2 Description of test modes ................................................................................................................................6 2.3 Description of support units............................................................................................................................6 3.0 Laboratory description.........................................................................................................................................7 3.1 Laboratory description......................................................................................................................................7 3.2 Test personnel.....................................................................................................................................................7 3.3 Test equipment....................................................................................................................................................8 3.4 GENERAL TEST PROCEDURE AND SETUP FOR RADIO MEASUREMENTS .....................9 4.0 Detailed results....................................................................................................................................................10 4.1 Duty Cycle ..........................................................................................................................................................12 4.2 Radiated emissions..........................................................................................................................................13 4.3 Peak Output Power ..........................................................................................................................................20 4.4 Bandwidth...........................................................................................................................................................21 4.5 Bandedges .........................................................................................................................................................22 4.6 Carrier frequency separation, number of hopping channels, time of occupancy ...........................23 4.7 Conducted AC Mains Emissions ..................................................................................................................24 Appendix A: Sample Calculation ................................................................................................................................... 27 Appendix B ­ Measurement Uncertainty ...................................................................................................................... 29 Appendix C ­ Graphs and Tables .................................................................................................................................. 30 REPORT END.....................................................................................................................................................................48

The Nebraska Center for Excellence in Electronics 4740 Discovery Drive Lincoln, NE 68521

Page 3 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Rev

B

1.0 SUMMARY OF TEST RESULTS
The EUT has been tested according to the following specifications:
(1) US Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, Part 15 (2) ISED RSS-Gen, Issue 5 (3) ISED RSS-247, Issue 2

SUMMARY

Standard Section

Test Type and Limit

Result

Remark

FCC 15.203

Unique Antenna Requirement

Pass

FCC 15.35 RSS-Gen, 6.10

Duty cycle of pulsed emissions

Pass

FCC 15.209 RSS-Gen, 7.1
FCC 15.247(a)(1)(i) RSS-247, 5.1(c)
FCC 15.247(b)(1) RSS-247, 5.1
FCC 15.209 RSS-Gen, 8.9 RSS-247, 5.5
FCC 15.247(a) (1) (i) RSS-247, 5.1(c)

Receiver Radiated Emissions
Minimum Bandwidth, Limit: Min. 250kHz, Frequency Separation
Maximum Peak Output Power, Limit: Max. 24 dBm

Pass Pass Pass

Transmitter Radiated Emissions

Pass

Frequency hopping system, Limit: Max. 0.4 Seconds in 10 Second Period

Pass

FCC 15.209, 15.205,15.247 RSS-Gen, 8.9 RSS-247, 5.5

Band Edge Measurement, Limit: 20dB less than the peak value of fundamental frequency

Pass

FCC 15.207 RSS-Gen. 8.8

Conducted AC Emissions

Pass

PCB antenna
Pulsed emissions duty cycle was applied
Meets the requirement of the limit.
Meets the requirement of the limit.
Meets the requirement of the limit.
Meets the requirement of the limit.
Meets the requirement of the limit.
Meets the requirement of the limit.
Meets the requirement of the limit.

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Page 4 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Rev

B

2.0 EUT DESCRIPTION

2.1 EQUIPMENT UNDER TEST The Equipment Under Test (EUT) was a wireless FHSS transmitter, TBA module.

EUT

TBA Module

EUT Received

6/1/2022

EUT Tested

6/16/2022- 6/24/2022

Serial No./ Tx ID 010425 (NCEE assigned serial number)

Operating Band 902.0 ­ 928.0 MHz

Device Type

FHSS

3VDC Battery (CR123A Lithium) (Radiated Emissions).

Power Supply

5VDC Power Supply, iOmega Zip, model SSW5-7630 (Representative

supply used for conducted emissions).

NOTE: For more detailed features description, please refer to the manufacturer's specifications or user's

manual.

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Page 5 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Rev

B

2.2 DESCRIPTION OF TEST MODES

The EUT operates on, and was tested at the frequencies below:

Channel Low
Middle High

Frequency 902.4 914.8 927.6

These are the only three representative channels tested in the frequency range according to FCC Part 15.31 and RSS-Gen Table A1. See the operational description for a list of all channel frequency and designations.

EUT was modified to transmit at the highest practical duty cycle on the lowest, highest and one channel in the middle that was used for all RF tests.

2.3 DESCRIPTION OF SUPPORT UNITS N/A

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Page 6 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

3.0 LABORATORY DESCRIPTION

3.1 LABORATORY DESCRIPTION

All testing was performed at the following Facility:

The Nebraska Center for Excellence in Electronics (NCEE Labs) 4740 Discovery Drive Lincoln, NE 68521

A2LA Certificate Number: FCC Accredited Test Site Designation No: Industry Canada Test Site Registration No: CAB MRA Recognition Identification No:

1953.01 US1060 4294A-1 US0177

Environmental conditions varied slightly throughout the tests.

Rev

B

3.2 TEST PERSONNEL

No. PERSONNEL

TITLE

ROLE

1

Nic Johnson

2

Karthik Vepuri

3

Fox Lane

4

Blake Winter

5

Grace Larsen

Technical Manager EMC Test Engineer EMC Test Engineer EMC Test Engineer EMC Test Engineer

Review Testing, Report and Review Testing Testing and Report Testing

Notes: All personnel are permanent staff members of NCEE Labs. No testing or review was sub-contracted or performed by sub-contracted personnel.

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Page 7 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Rev

B

3.3 TEST EQUIPMENT

DESCRIPTION AND MANUFACTURER

MODEL NO.

SERIAL NO.

LAST CALIBRATION DATE

CALIBRATION DUE DATE

Keysight MXE Signal Analyzer (26.5GHz) Keysight MXE Signal Analyzer (44GHz)
SunAR RF Motion***

N9038A N9038A JB1

MY56400083 July 19, 2022

MY59050109 July 19, 2022

A091418

July 27, 2021

July 19, 2024 July 19, 2024 August 27, 2022

EMCO Horn Antenna

3115

6416

July 28, 2021

July 28, 2023

Rohde & Schwarz Preamplifier*

TS-PR18

3545700803 April 4, 2022

April 4, 2024

Trilithic High Pass Filter*

6HC330

23042

April 22, 2022

April 22, 2024

MiniCircuits High Pass Filter*
ETS ­ Lindgren- VSWR on 10m Chamber
NCEE Labs-NSA on 10m Chamber TDK Emissions Lab Software

VHF-1320+
10m Semianechoic chamberVSWR 10m Semianechoic chamber-NSA
V11.25

15542 4740 Discovery Drive
NCEE-001
700307

April 4, 2022 July 30, 2020 May 24, 2022 NA

April 4, 2024 July 30, 2023 May 24, 2025 NA

Com-Power LISN

LI-220C

20070017

September 22, 2020 September 22, 2022

RF Cable (preamplifier to antenna)* RF Cable (antenna to 10m chamber bulkhead)* RF Cable (10m chamber bulkhead to control room bulkhead)* RF Cable (control room bulkhead to test receiver)* N connector bulkhead (10m chamber)** N connector bulkhead (control room)**

MFR-57500 FSCM 64639 FSCM 64639 FSCM 64639 PE9128 PE9128

01-07-002 01E3872 01E3864 01F1206 NCEEBH1 NCEEBH2

April 4, 2022 September 24, 2021 September 24, 2021 September 24, 2021 September 24, 2021 September 24, 2021

April 4, 2024 September 24, 2023 September 24, 2023 September 24, 2023 September 24, 2023 September 24, 2023

*Internal Characterization

**2 year calibration cycle *** Extended Cal
Notes:
All equipment is owned by NCEE Labs and stored permanently at NCEE Labs facilities. All equipment were
in Cal during testing. However, latest calibration dates were provided.

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Page 8 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Rev

B

3.4 GENERAL TEST PROCEDURE AND SETUP FOR RADIO MEASUREMENTS
Measurement type presented in this report (Please see the checked box below):
Conducted 
The conducted measurements were performed by connecting the output of the transmitter directly into a spectrum analyzer using an impedance matched cable and connector soldered to the EUT in place of the antenna. The information regarding resolution bandwidth, video bandwidth, span and the detector used can be found in the graphs provided in the Appendix C. All the radio measurements were performed using the sections from ANSI C63.10, details about the section used can be found in the spectrum analyzer titles on the graph.

Radiated 

Figure 1 - Bandwidth Measurements Test Setup

All the radiated measurements were taken at a distance of 3m from the EUT. The information regarding resolution bandwidth, video bandwidth, span and the detector used can be found in the graphs provided in the Appendix C. All the radio measurements were performed using the sections from ANSI C63.10, details about the section used can be found in the spectrum analyzer titles on the graph.

Figure 2 - Radiated Emissions Test Setup

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Page 9 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics
4.0 DETAILED RESULTS

Rev

B

DSS Radiated Radio Measurements

CHANNEL

Transmitter

99% Occupied Bandwidth (kHz)

20 dB Bandwidth
(kHz)

Low Mid High

Continuous Continuous Continuous

251.30 250.89 250.20

255.1 254.4 254.2

Occupied Bandwidth = N/A; 20 dB Bandwidth Limit 250 kHz  BW  500 kHz.

PEAK Conducted
Power (dBm)

PEAK Conducted
Power (mW)

RESULT

No. of Hopping Channels
25

Time of Occupancy*
0.0874 s*

19.66 19.60 19.51

92.47 91.20 89.33

PASS PASS PASS

Min Frequency Separation
800 kHz

Duty Cycle Correction
-13.2

Peak Output Power Limit = 24 dBm; corrections can be found in the last table of this section and in the graphs in Appendix C.

Time of Occupancy<0.4 S in 10 S

*Manufacturer declares that the worst-case average channel occupancy time is 0.088s within any 10 second period.

Unrestricted Band-Edge

CHANNEL

Mode

Band edge /Measurement
Frequency (MHz)

Relative Highest out of band level (dBm)

Relative Fundamental
(dBm)

Delta (dB)

Low* Low* High* High*

Continuous Hopping
Continuous Hopping

902.4 902.4 927.6 927.6

-68.355 -67.924 -76.059 -76.059

-30.016 -30.476 -30.48 -32.526

38.339 37.448 45.579 43.533

Min Delta (dB)
20 20 20 20

Result
PASS PASS PASS PASS

Peak Restricted Band-Edge

CHANNEL

Mode

Band edge /Measurement
Frequency (MHz)

Highest out of band level (dBuV/m @ 3m)

Measurement Type

Limit (dBuV/m @
3m)*

Margin

Low**

Continuous

613.208

32.41

Low**

Hopping

610.898

32.18

High**

Continuous

972.560

40.12

High**

Hopping

970.320

38.80

*Limit shown is the peak limit taken from FCC Part 15.209

** Measurement was taken in dBm and converted to dBuV using:

dBuV = dBm +107 + Antenna Factor + Cable

See tables below for Antenna Factor and Cable Corrections

Radiated Radiated Radiated Radiated

46.02 46.02 53.98 53.98

13.61 13.84 13.86 15.18

Result
PASS PASS PASS PASS

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Page 10 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Rev

B

Channel, MHz

Corrections and Raw Values for Restricted Band Edges

Antenna

Cable

Factor

Loss

dBm to

Correction/Reference

(dB)

(dB)

dBuV

level offset

613.2

23.00

4.44

107

134.44

610.9

22.90

4.44

107

134.34

972.6

27.10

5.49

107

139.59

970.3

27.03

5.47

107

139.50

dBuV = Uncorrected Level (dBm) + 107 + Antenna Factor + Cable

Declaration from manufacturer: The EchoStream protocol defines 64 channels spaced 400 kHz apart. Manufacturer uses only 25 channels from the set of 64. The minimum spacing between channels is ~ 800 kHz with some channels space ~1.2 MHz apart. The entire channel map uses a spacing of 400 kHz, but the used channels are either 800 kHz or 1.2 MHz apart.

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Page 11 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Rev

B

4.1 DUTY CYCLE
Manufacturer declared that the maximum on time possible per channel is 22 ms in a given 100 ms period. So, Duty cycle correction factor for spurious emissions related to the transmitter is 20 log 22/100 = -13.2 dB.

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Page 12 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Rev

B

4.2 RADIATED EMISSIONS

Test Method: ANSI C63.10-2013, Section 6.5, 6.6

Limits for radiated emissions measurements:

Emissions radiated outside of the specified bands shall be applied to the limits in 15.209 as followed:

FREQUENCIES (MHz)
0.009-0.490 0.490-1.705 1.705-30.0
30-88 88-216 216-960
Above 960

FIELD STRENGTH
(µV/m) 2400/F(kHz) 24000/F(kHz)
30 100 150 200 500

MEASUREMENT DISTANCE (m)
300 30 3 3 3 3 3

NOTE: 1. The lower limit shall apply at the transition frequencies. 2. Emission level (dBuV/m) = 20 * log * Emission level (V/m). 3. As shown in 15.35(b), for frequencies above 1000MHz, the field strength limits are based on average detector, however, the peak field strength of any emission shall not exceed the maximum permitted average limits by more than 20dB under any condition of modulation.

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Page 13 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Rev

B

Test procedures:
a. The EUT was placed on the top of a rotating table above the ground plane in a 10-meter semianechoic chamber. The table was rotated 360 degrees to determine the position of the highest radiation. The table was 0.8m high for measurements form 30MHz-1GHz and 1.5m for measurements from 1GHz to 10 GHz.
b. The EUT was set 3 meters away from the interference-receiving antenna, which was mounted on the top of a variable-height antenna tower.
c. The antenna was a broadband antenna, and its height is varied from one meter to four meters above the ground to determine the maximum value of the field strength. Both horizontal and vertical polarizations of the antenna are used to make the measurement.
d. For each suspected emission, the EUT was arranged to maximize its emissions and then the antenna height was varied from 1 meter to 4 meters and the rotating table was turned from 0 degrees to 360 degrees to find the maximum emission reading.
e. The test-receiver system was set to use a peak detector with a specified resolution bandwidth. For spectrum analyzer measurements, the composite maximum of several analyzer sweeps was used for final measurements.
f. If the emission level of the EUT in peak mode was 10dB lower than the limit specified, then testing could be stopped and the peak values of the EUT would be reported. Otherwise, the emissions that did not have 10 dB margin would be re-tested one by one using peak, quasi-peak or average method as specified and then reported in a data sheet.
g. The EUT was maximized in all 3 orthogonal positions. The results are presented for the axis that had the highest emissions.

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Page 14 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Rev

B

NOTE: 1. The resolution bandwidth and video bandwidth of test receiver/spectrum analyzer is 120kHz for Peak detection (PK) and Quasi-peak detection (QP) at frequencies below 1GHz.
2. The resolution bandwidth 1 MHz for all measurements and at frequencies above 1GHz, A peak detector was used for all measurements above 1GHz. Measurements were made with an EMI Receiver.

Deviations from test standard: No deviation.

Test setup:

Figure 3 - Radiated Emissions Test Setup
EUT operating conditions Details can be found in section 2.1 of this report.

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Page 15 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Test results:
Electric Field Strength (dBuV/m) 130.00 120.00

Final Measurements

Rev

B

100.00

80.00

60.00 40.00

FCC Part 15 Radiated 30 MHz-100 GHz 3m (non-Class A)

20.00

10.00 30.00
(PEAK) EMI (V) Prescan (PEAK) EMI (H) Prescan

100.00

Freq (MHz)

Figure 4 - Radiated Emissions Plot, Low Channel, 30 MHz-1GHz

(QP) EMI Limit

1000.00

*Noise floor on this plot looks higher than the other plots because of the receiver settings during the test to avoid saturation. The worst-case measurements are listed in the tables below, all other measurements were found to be at least 6 dB below the limit.

Electric Field Strength (dBuV/m) 130.00

Final Measurements

120.00

100.00

80.00

60.00 40.00

FCC Part 15 Radiated 30 MHz-100 GHz 3m (non-Class A)

20.00

10.00 30.00
(PEAK) EMI (V) Prescan (PEAK) EMI (H) Prescan

100.00

Freq (MHz)

Figure 5 - Radiated Emissions Plot, Mid Channel, 30 MHz-1GHz

(QP) EMI Limit

1000.00

*Noise floor on this plot looks higher than the other plots because of the receiver settings during the test to avoid saturation. The worst-case measurements are listed in the tables below, all other measurements were found to be at least 6 dB below the limit.

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Page 16 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Electric Field Strength (dBuV/m) 130.00
120.00

Final Measurements

Rev

B

100.00

80.00

60.00 40.00

FCC Part 15 Radiated 30 MHz-100 GHz 3m (non-Class A)

20.00

10.00 30.00
(PEAK) EMI (V) Prescan (PEAK) EMI (H) Prescan

100.00

Freq (MHz)

Figure 6 - Radiated Emissions Plot, High Channel, 30 MHz-1GHz

(QP) EMI Limit

1000.00

*Noise floor on this plot looks higher than the other plots because of the receiver settings during the test to avoid saturation. The worst-case measurements are listed in the tables below, all other measurements were found to be at least 6 dB below the limit.

Electric Field Strength (dBuV/m) 100.00

Graph14

90.00

80.00

70.00

60.00 50.00

FCC Part 15 Radiated 30 MHz-100 GHz 3m (non-Class A)

40.00

30.00

20.00

10.00

0.00 30.00
(PEAK) EMI (H) (PEAK) EMI (V)

100.00

Freq (MHz)

Figure 7 - Radiated Emissions Plot, Transmitter Off, 30 MHz-1GHz

The EUT was maximized in all 3 orthogonal positions. The results are presented for the axis that had the highest emissions. The worst-case emissions are reported.

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Page 17 of 48

Limit

1000.00

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Rev

B

No other Quasi-peak measurements were attributable to the EUT in the 30MHz ­ 1GHz frequencies.

Frequency MHz
2707.180000 1804.674000 5414.374000 6316.866000 4512.292000 2744.470000 1829.502000 4573.920000 5488.740000 6404.710000 1855.296000 2782.826000 4638.100000 5565.564000

Peak Measurements, 900 MHz Radio,

Level Limit Margin Height Angle Pol Channel Radio Band

dBµV/m dBµV/m dB

cm. deg.

MHz

51.74

73.98

22.24 289.00 94.00 H

Low

900 -928

50.22

73.98

23.76 387.00 324.00 V

Low

900 -928

62.57

73.98

11.41 130.00 218.00 H

Low

900 -928

55.47

73.98

18.51 280.00 33.00 H

Low

900 -928

51.54

73.98

22.44 113.00 118.00 V

Low

900 -928

54.32

73.98

19.66 204.00 86.00 H

Mid

900 -928

49.30

73.98

24.68 457.00 0.00 V

Mid

900 -928

52.31

73.98

21.67 204.00 22.00 H

Mid

900 -928

60.91

73.98

13.07 113.00 207.00 H

Mid

900 -928

47.54

73.98

26.44 136.00 328.00 V

Mid

900 -928

45.48

73.98

28.50 149.00 359.00 V

High

900 -928

56.93

73.98

17.05 411.00 356.00 V

High

900 -928

54.51

73.98

19.47 116.00 237.00 H

High

900 -928

62.90

73.98

11.08 112.00 221.00 H

High

900 -928

All other measurements were found to be at least 6dB below the limit line.

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Page 18 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Rev

B

Average Measurements, 900 MHz Radio,

Frequency Level Limit Margin Height Angle Pol Channel Radio Band

MHz

dBµV/m dBµV/m dB

cm. deg.

MHz

2707.180000 38.54

53.98

15.44 289.00 94.00 H

Low

900 -928

1804.674000 37.02

53.98

16.96 387.00 324.00 V

Low

900 -928

5414.374000 49.37

53.98

4.61 130.00 218.00 H

Low

900 -928

6316.866000 42.27

53.98

11.71 280.00 33.00 H

Low

900 -928

4512.292000 38.34

53.98

15.64 113.00 118.00 V

Low

900 -928

2744.470000 41.12

53.98

12.86 204.00 86.00 H

Mid

900 -928

1829.502000 36.10

53.98

17.88 457.00 0.00 V

Mid

900 -928

4573.920000 39.11

53.98

14.87 204.00 22.00 H

Mid

900 -928

5488.740000 47.71

53.98

6.27 113.00 207.00 H

Mid

900 -928

6404.710000 34.34

53.98

19.64 136.00 328.00 V

Mid

900 -928

1855.296000 32.28

53.98

21.7 149.00 359.00 V

High

900 -928

2782.826000 43.73

53.98

10.25 411.00 356.00 V

High

900 -928

4638.100000 41.31

53.98

12.67 116.00 237.00 H

High

900 -928

5565.564000 49.70

53.98

4.28 112.00 221.00 H

High

900 -928

Average Level is obtained by adding the duty cycle correction factor found in section 4.1 to the Peak level.

All the measurements were compared to general limits from FCC part 15.209 to show compliance.

All other measurements were found to be at least 6dB below the limit line.

REMARKS: 1. Emission level (dBuV/m) = Raw Value (dBuV) + Correction Factor (dB) 2. Correction Factor (dB/m) = Antenna Factor (dB/m) + Cable Factor (dB) 3. The other emission levels were very low against the limit. 4. Margin value = Limit Value ­ Emission Level. 5. The EUT was measured in all 3 orthogonal axes. See the test setup photo exhibit for details on the orientations.

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Page 19 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics
4.3 PEAK OUTPUT POWER Test Method: ANSI C63.10, Section(s) 7.8.5

Rev

B

Limits of bandwidth measurements: Per FCC Part 15 For an FHSS system with 25 channels, the output power is required to be less than 250 mW or 24 dBm.
Test procedures: Spectrum analyzer was set with a resolution bandwidth greater than occupied bandwidth and centered on the operating channel. Output power was measured by direct coaxial connection to the EUT output port.

Deviations from test standard: No deviation.
Test setup: Details can be found in section 3.4 of this report.
EUT operating conditions: Details can be found in section 2.1 of this report.
Test results:
Pass
Comments: 1. All the output power plots can be found in the Appendix C. 2. All data is in the table in results section 4.0. 3. All the measurements were found to be compliant.

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Page 20 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

Rev

B

4.4 BANDWIDTH
Test Method: ANSI C63.10, Section(s) 6.9.2
Limits of bandwidth measurements: The allowed 20 dB bandwidth of the hopping channel is 250 kHz  BW  500 kHz.
Test procedures: The bandwidth of the fundamental frequency was measured by spectrum analyzer with 3 kHz RBW and 30 kHz VBW.
The 20 dB bandwidth is defined as the bandwidth of which is higher than peak power minus 20dB. The 99% bandwidth is defined as the bandwidth that contains 99% of the power.
Deviations from test standard: No deviation.
Test setup: Details can be found in section 3.4 of this report.
EUT operating conditions: Details can be found in section 2.1 of this report.
Test results:
Pass
Comments: 1. All the bandwidth plots can be found in the Appendix C. 2. All data is in the table in results section 4.0. 3. All the measurements were found to be compliant.

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Page 21 of 48

Report Number: R20220223-21-E1B Prepared for: Inovonics

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4.5 BANDEDGES
Test Method: ANSI C63.10, Section(s) 6.10.6
Limits of band edge measurements: For emissions outside of the allowed band of operation (902 ­ 928MHz), the emission level needs to be 20dB under the maximum fundamental field strength. However, if the emissions fall within one of the restricted bands from 15.205 the field strength levels need to be under that of the limits in 15.209.
Test procedures: The resolution bandwidth was set to 100kHz and the EMI receiver was used to scan from the band edge to the fundamental frequency with a Peak detector. The highest emissions level beyond the band edge was measured and recorded. For restricted band edge measurements, the unit was tested to the same method as section 4.2 of this report.
Deviations from test standard: No deviation.
Test setup: Details can be found in section 3.4 of this report.
EUT operating conditions: Details can be found in section 2.1 of this report.
Test results:
Pass
Comments: 1. All the band edge plots can be found in the Appendix C. 2. All data is in the table in results section 4.0. 3. If the device falls under FCC Part 15.247 (Details can be found in summary of test results),
compliance is shown in the unrestricted band edges by showing minimum delta of 20 dB between peak and the band edge. 4. The restricted band edge compliance is shown by comparing to the general limit defined in Part 15.209. The limit shown in the graph accounts for the antenna gain of the device.

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4.6 CARRIER FREQUENCY SEPARATION, NUMBER OF HOPPING CHANNELS, TIME OF OCCUPANCY
Test Method: ANSI C63.10, Section 7.8.2, 7.8.3, 7.8.4
Limits for Time of Occupancy Average time of occupancy on any frequency, not to exceed 0.4 seconds within a 10 second period.

Test procedures: The method from KDB 558074 D01 v05;
Test setup: Details can be found in section 3.4 of this report.
EUT operating conditions: Details can be found in section 2.1 of this report. .
Test results:
Pass
Comments: 1. All the plots can be found in the Appendix C. 2. All the measurements were found to be compliant. 3. The measurements are reported on the graph. 4. Declaration from manufacturer: The EchoStream protocol defines 64 channels spaced 400 kHz apart.
Manufacturer uses only 25 channels from the set of 64. The minimum spacing between channels is ~ 800 kHz with some channels space ~1.2 MHz apart. The entire channel map uses a spacing of 400 kHz, but the used channels are either 800 kHz or 1.2 MHz apart.

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4.7 CONDUCTED AC MAINS EMISSIONS

Test Method: ANSI C63.10-2013, Section(s) 6.2

Limits for conducted emissions measurements:

FREQUENCY OF EMISSION

CONDUCTED LIMIT

(MHz)

(dBµV)

Quasi-peak Average

0.15-0.5

66 to 56

56 to 46

0.5-5

56

46

5-30

60

50

Notes: 1. The lower limit shall apply at the transition frequencies. 2. The limit decreases in line with the logarithm of the frequency in the range of 0.15 to 0.50 MHz 3. All emanations from a class A/B digital device or system, including any network of conductors and apparatus connected thereto, shall not exceed the level of field strengths specified above.

Test Procedures:

a. The EUT was placed 0.8m above a ground reference plane and 0.4 meters from the conducting wall of a shielded room. An iOmega Zip power supply, model SSW5-7630, was connected through a line impedance stabilization network (LISN) to the AC power mains. The LISN provides 50 ohm/ 50uH of coupling impedance for the measuring instrument.
b. Both the Line and Neutral of the AC power connected to the power supply through the LISN were checked for maximum conducted interference.
c. The frequency range from 150 kHz to 30 MHz was searched. Emission levels over 10dB under the prescribed limits are not reported.
d. Results were compared to the 15.207 limits.

Deviation from the test standard: No deviation

EUT operating conditions: The battery was removed and power supply was connected with wires to the EUT battery terminals.

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Test Results: PASS

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Figure 8 - Conducted Emissions Plot, Line

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Figure 9 - Conducted Emissions Plot, Neutral

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APPENDIX A: SAMPLE CALCULATION Field Strength Calculation The field strength is calculated by adding the Antenna Factor and Cable Factor, and subtracting the Amplifier Gain (if any) from the measured reading. The basic equation with a sample calculation is as follows: FS = RA + AF ­ (-CF + AG) + AV where FS = Field Strength
RA = Receiver Amplitude AF = Antenna Factor CF = Cable Attenuation Factor AG = Amplifier Gain AV = Averaging Factor (if applicable)

Assume a receiver reading of 55 dBV is obtained. The Antenna Factor of 12 and a Cable Factor of 1.1 is added. The Amplifier Gain of 20 dB is subtracted, giving a field strength of 48.1 dBV/m.
FS = 55 + 12 ­ (-1.1 + 20) + 0 = 48.1 dBV/m
The 48.1 dBV/m value can be mathematically converted to its corresponding level in V/m.
Level in V/m = Common Antilogarithm [(48.1 dBV/m)/20]= 254.1 V/m
AV is calculated by the taking the 20*log(Ton/100) where Ton is the maximum transmission time in any 100ms window.

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EIRP Calculations
In cases where direct antenna port measurement is not possible or would be inaccurate, output power is measured in EIRP. The maximum field strength is measured at a specified distance and the EIRP is calculated using the following equation;

EIRP (Watts) = [Field Strength (V/m) x antenna distance (m)]2 / 30 Power (watts) = 10^[Power (dBm)/10] / 1000 Voltage (dBµV) = Power (dBm) + 107 (for 50 measurement systems) Field Strength (V/m) = 10^[Field Strength (dBµV/m) / 20] / 10^6 Gain = 1 (numeric gain for isotropic radiator) Conversion from 3m field strength to EIRP (d=3):

EIRP = [FS(V/m) x d^2]/30 = FS [0.3] for d = 3

EIRP(dBm) = FS(dBµV/m) ­ 10(log 10^9)+ 10log[0.3] = FS(dBµV/m) - 95.23

10log( 10^9) is the conversion from micro to milli

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APPENDIX B ­ MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY

Where relevant, the following measurement uncertainty levels have been for tests performed in this test report:

Test Radiated Emissions, 3m Radiated Emissions, 3m Emissions limits, conducted

Frequency Range 30MHz - 1GHz 1GHz - 18GHz 30MHz ­ 18GHz

Uncertainty Value (dB) ±4.31 ±5.08
±3.03 dB

Expanded uncertainty values are calculated to a confidence level of 95%.

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APPENDIX C ­ GRAPHS AND TABLES

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01 Conducted Output Power, Low Channel

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02. Conducted Output Power, Mid Channel

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03 Conducted Output Power, High Channel

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04 Bandwidth Low Channel

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05. Bandwidth Mid Channel

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06 Bandwidth High Channel

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07 Bandedge Unrestricted Low Channel Hopping

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07 Bandedge Unrestricted Low Channel Relative

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08 Bandedge Restricted Low Channel without Corrections Hopping

Channel, MHz

Corrections and Raw Values for Restricted Band Edges

Antenna

Cable

Factor

Loss

dBm to

Correction/Reference

(dB)

(dB)

dBuV

level offset

610.9

22.90

4.44

107

134.34

dBuV = Uncorrected Level (dBm) + 107 + Antenna Factor + Cable

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08 Bandedge Restricted Low Channel without Corrections

Channel, MHz

Corrections and Raw Values for Restricted Band Edges

Antenna

Cable

Factor

Loss

dBm to

Correction/Reference

(dB)

(dB)

dBuV

level offset

613.2

23.00

4.44

107

134.44

dBuV = Uncorrected Level (dBm) + 107 + Antenna Factor + Cable

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09 Bandedge Unrestricted High Channel Hopping

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09 Bandedge Unrestricted High Channel

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10 Bandedge Restricted High Channel without Corrections Hopping

Channel, MHz

Corrections and Raw Values for Restricted Band Edges

Antenna

Cable

Factor

Loss

dBm to

Correction/Reference

(dB)

(dB)

dBuV

level offset

970.3

27.03

5.47

107

139.50

dBuV = Uncorrected Level (dBm) + 107 + Antenna Factor + Cable

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10 Bandedge Restricted High Channel without Corrections, continuous

Channel, MHz

Corrections and Raw Values for Restricted Band Edges

Antenna

Cable

Factor

Loss

dBm to

Correction/Reference

(dB)

(dB)

dBuV

level offset

972.6

27.10

5.49

107

139.59

dBuV = Uncorrected Level (dBm) + 107 + Antenna Factor + Cable

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11 Hop Count, 25 Hops
Declaration from manufacturer: The EchoStream protocol defines 64 channels spaced 400 kHz apart. Manufacturer uses only 25 channels from the set of 64. The minimum spacing between channels is ~ 800 kHz with some channels space ~1.2 MHz apart. The entire channel map uses a spacing of 400 kHz, but the used channels are either 800 kHz or 1.2 MHz apart.

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12 Minimum Frequency Separation
Declaration from manufacturer: The EchoStream protocol defines 64 channels spaced 400 kHz apart. Manufacturer uses only 25 channels from the set of 64. The minimum spacing between channels is ~ 800 kHz with some channels space ~1.2 MHz apart. The entire channel map uses a spacing of 400 kHz, but the used channels are either 800 kHz or 1.2 MHz apart.

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13 Channel Occupancy, On time* *Measured in hopping mode provided by the manufacturer.

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14 Channel Occupancy in 10 s window, 4 Hops possible* *Measured in hopping mode provided by the manufacturer.
21.85 ms x4=87.4 ms=0.0874 s

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